Arterial blood gases made easy 1204798448914025 4 1. It measures the acidity ph and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood. The paramedics arrived after 10 minutes, during which cpr had not been attempted. Acidbase balance overview the ph is a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. One of the first signs of an acid base problem is often a change in normal breathing patterns. Leukocytes in shed blood continue to consume oxygen at a rate depending on the storage temperature, storage time, and the level of the initial oxygen in the blood. Arterial blood gases abg interpretation, a simplified approach 1. Fortunately, there are some easy ways to remember how to decipher these important lab results. Arterial blood gases made easy pdf download free ebooks. Maureen coombs, phd, rn, is consultant nurse, critical care, southampton general hospital arterial blood gas abg analysis may appear a complex and daunting task, but a little guidance can make it much simpler. We often encounter patients who are critically sick and need monitoring more than vitals like bp and pulse rate.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Interpreting abgs arterial blood gases made easy ausmed. Aarc clinical practice guideline blood gas analysis and hemoximetry 20 michael d davis rrt, brian k walsh rrtnps rpft faarc, steven e sittig rrtnps npt faarc, and ruben d restrepo md rrt faarc mdd adult health and nursing system, virginia commonwealth university, richmond, va. Blood for an abg test is taken from an artery whereas most other blood tests are done on a sample of blood taken from a vein. Each case is then followed by an explanation of the acidbase status, the oxygenation status and a summary of the patients clinical picture. An arterial blood gas provides two types of information. When we look at air, approximately 21% of it is made up of oxygen, 79% nitrogen, and a tiny fraction 0. Arterial blood gas samples can be obtained from a number of sites, including the following radial artery at the wristthe most popular site for arterial blood sampling because of its easy accessibility, superficial location, and availability of collateral circulation. You will receive your score and answers at the end. This is a thoughtfully designed book, which is very pleasing to the eye and, in the best possible way, easy on the brain. The blood can also be drawn from an arterial catheter.
Chemical buffers, substances that combine with excess acids or. Arterial blood gases made easy iain hennessey, alan japp. Elsevier churchill livingstone, 2007 medical 140 pages. Simplified arterial blood gases simplified nursing. Blood gas worksheet checklist download pdf you are a new staff member working in the emergency department ed during your induction you are introduced to the practical workings of the point of care arterial blood gas abg machine in the ed. An arterialblood gas abg test measures the amounts of arterial gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. Arterial blood gas analysis plays an indispensable role in. Arterial blood gases you are a new staff member working in the emergency department ed during your induction you are introduced to the practical workings of the point of care arterial blood gas abg machine in the ed. An abg is the most accurate representation of a patients clinical status and correct interpretation can lead to quicker and more accurate changes in the. One advantage of subscribing to rss feeds is that you dont have to constantly revisit this site to check for updates within specific sections you might be interested in because your browser or feed reader will do this for you automatically on a regular basis plus you can even get email.
Everyone can read an electrolyte level, but when faced with a list of abgs, most nurses wilt. Download arterial blood gases made easy pdf book free from arterial blood gases made easy pdf. Arterial blood gases abg interpretation, a simplified. But at this point the oxygen content in the blood is used up by the tissues. Arterial blood gas analysis gas exchange and respiratory. It is important to understand the physiological principles underpinning blood gas analysis. This book, simplified arterial blood gases, includes the content, explanations and exercises from my course. However, its a crucial skill for nurses, physicians, respiratory therapists, and nursing students to learn.
Arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental skill in modern medicine yet one which many find difficult to grasp. Interpret the results of various arterial blood gas samples. Arterial blood gas sampling society for acute medicine. Arterial blood gas analysis plays an indispensable role in the assessment and management of patients with a huge range of acute medical and surgical problems. Blood gas tensions are measured by direct blood sampling or transcutaneous diffusion and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin from pulse oximetry. The purpose of this course is to provide nurses with information regarding blood gases and their basic interpretation. Aarc clinical practice guideline blood gas analysis and. Based on these crucial points and current global guidelines, members of the wg bgt made joint effort in establishment of recommendations for blood gas testing, covering the preanalytical phase of blood gas testing, sampling procedure, bga and quality control. The first covers basic physiology and concepts required for interpretation of blood gas results under four headings. Perfecting your acidbase balancing act american nurse. Understanding acidbase balance and interpreting arterial blood gas results can. If partial pressure of carbon dioxide pco2 goes down, partial pressure of oxygen po2 should go up. Most doctors struggle with arterial blood gas abg interpretation. Its importance as a key tool in the workup of acutely.
As it is unable to combine with oxygen and it also decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Indications, interpretations, and clinical applications m etabolic derangements and respiratory distress are common presenting problems in emergency medicine. How to interpret arterial blood gas results correspondence. This book provides readers with the core background knowledge required to understand the abg, explains how it is used in clinical practice and provides a unique system for.
Consider fomepizole, which is a competitive alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor. Arterial blood gas analysis workshop page 4 of 8 arterial blood gas analysis workshop scenario 1 initial information a 75 year old man presents to the accident and emergency department after a witnessed out of hospital vf cardiac arrest. Partial compensation ph is still abnormal, and the other value is abnormal in an attempt to help normalise the ph. Identify the relationship between oxygen saturation and pao2 as it relates to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. During most blood testing procedures, blood is drawn from a vein. Arterial blood gases abg can be difficult and confusing to understand at first. An abg test requires that a small volume of blood be drawn from the radial artery with a syringe and a thin needle, but sometimes the femoral artery in the groin or another site is used. Patients are often required to be checked for arterial blood gas analysis to find what exactly is happening in the body of patients system. Arterial blood gas case questions and answers in the space that follows you will find a series of cases that include arterial blood gases. As you struggle to listen to the machine company representative talking about cleaning the machine. March 14, 2016 april 24, 2017 joanne reading 10 comments it is important to understand that the ph in our bodies likes to stay within the very narrow range of 7. Arterial blood gas analysis gas exchange and respiratory functionmodule 2 online lesson. Making sense of arterial blood gases nursing times. Over half of the book is devoted to thirty clinical case scenarios involving analysis of arterial blood gases, allowing the reader to gain both proficiency in interpretation and an appreciation of the role of an abg in guiding clinical diagnosis and management.
If youre new here, you may want to subscribe to our rss feed. This excellent pocketsized handbook, which can be read at one sitting, is an object lesson in clarity. Abg interpretation a simplified practical approach dr adel hamada assistant consultant pulmonary medicine kamc lecturer of pulmonary medicine zagazig university, egypt md chest diseases european diploma in intensive care medicine 2. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology associated with a patients condition and how it relates to an acidbase imbalance will also be discussed. Arterial blood gas analysis is widely available in hospitals. Interpret the oxygenation state of a patient using the reported arterial blood gas pao2 value. Arterial blood gas analysis is widely available in hospitals and the direct measurements ph, pa o 2, pa co 2 are among the most precise in medicine. Without knowing them, your patient could easily go. Arterial blood gases abgs are measured in a laboratory test to determine the extent of compensation by the buffer system. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. In teaching hospital ceu classes, i found that when students understood the physiology of respiration, it followed that ph, co2 and hco3 values made sense. Arterial blood gases can be challenging to all nurses despite their level of expertise. Therefore in an arterial blood gas test, the blood sample is drawn from an artery. The first priority for the respiratory system is ph.
Knowing these proportions allows us to figure out the pressure of each portion. Arterial blood gases made easy errnvphglfrv ruj i this page intentionally left blank arterial blood gases made easy second edition iain a m. Arterial blood gases abg results reflect underlying pathology and interpretation of the results are often compounded by ongoing disease processes and clinical interventions. The value of such measurements, however, depends on. See interpreting arterial blood gas values by clicking the pdf icon above. With student consult online access, 2e 2 by hennessey mbchbhons bschons mmis frcs, iain a m, japp mbchbhons bschons mrcp phd, alan g isbn. Combine the information from the ph, paco2 and the bicarbonate.
Arterial blood gases made easy pdf free download epdf. Buy arterial blood gases made easy, 1e 1 by hennessey mbchbhons bschons mmis frcs, iain a m, japp mbchbhons bschons mrcp phd, alan g isbn. Approved ifcc recommendations on whole blood sampling, transport and storage for simultaneous determination of ph, blood gases and electrolytes. Prior to plastic syringes, the procedure with glass syringes included collecting the specimen and immediately placing it.
1318 982 384 1384 1439 882 1504 555 1002 1503 1008 800 347 1513 847 661 717 776 894 519 88 1450 403 574 857 500 1051 1466 659 909 732 974 1121 402